PSeInt profile UniValle

These are the rules of the UniValle profile, explained simply, with an example that follows them and opens in Codoritmo with one click.

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How its author describes it

The profile's original text, in Spanish, as distributed with PSeInt.

Perfil para la asignatura Introducción a las Tecnologías Informáticas y Algoritmos en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad del Valle, Cali - Colombia (enviado por el Msc. Harold Alexis Candelo Padilla).

In short

What changes compared with Codoritmo's default profile:

Every variable must be declared with Definir
Every variable needs a value before it is used
The Para counter is protected
Every statement must end with a semicolon
You can assign with = as well as <-
Arrays start at 0

All of its rules

Marked rules differ from Codoritmo's default profile; everything else behaves the same.

Variables

How they are declared and when they can be used.

Declare variables with DefinirDiffers from default: Required. Before using a variable you must declare it with its type, for example Definir edad Como Entero. That includes the counter of every Para.
Give a value before useDiffers from default: Required. Reading a variable, or an array slot, that has no value yet stops the program with an error. That's why accumulators start with something like suma <- 0.
Protected Para counterDiffers from default: Inside a Para you can't change the counter, and once the loop ends the counter has no value, so don't use it afterwards.
Accents and ñ in names: Allowed: a variable can be called año or posición.

Writing style

Punctuation, closing words and how values are assigned.

Semicolon at the endDiffers from default: Required. Every statement ends in ;, as in Escribir "Hola";. Lines that open or close a structure (Si, FinSi, FinPara) don't take one.
Relaxed syntax: Accepts handy variants: Fin Si as two words, optional Entonces and Hacer, Mientras Que and Desde in loops, and values in Escribir separated by spaces.
Assign with =Differs from default: Allowed: besides x <- 5 you can write x = 5. Inside a condition, = is still a comparison.

Operators and conditions

How comparisons are written and text is put together.

Word operators: You can write Y, O, NO and MOD (and, or, not, remainder) as well as their symbols &, |, ~ and %.
Plain-language conditions: Accepts conditions such as x Es Par (is even), x Es Mayor Que 5 (is greater than 5) or x Es Divisible Por 3.
Join text with +: Allowed: "Hola, " + nombre makes a single piece of text.

Arrays

Where indexes start and how the size is set.

First array indexDiffers from default: Arrays start at 0: after Dimension notas[3] the slots are notas[0], notas[1] and notas[2].
Array size from a variable: Allowed: you can read n and then write Dimension datos[n].
Resize arrays: You can change the size of an existing array with Redimensionar.

Loops and Segun

Which ways of repeating and choosing between cases it accepts.

Para Cada loop: Available: Para Cada nota de notas Hacer goes through every slot of an array.
Repetir … Mientras Que: A Repetir loop can end with Hasta Que condition (until) or Mientras Que condition (while).
Para counting down: If the start is greater than the end, Para counts down one by one even without Con Paso -1.
Segun with whole numbers: The value a Segun checks can also be text, with options such as "a".

Subroutines and text functions

Which extra tools you get to organise the program.

Your own subroutines and functions: You can write your own SubProceso or Funcion to split the program into parts.
Text functions: Available: Longitud, Subcadena, Mayusculas, Minusculas and Concatenar (length, substring, upper case, lower case, join).

An example that follows these rules

It works out the average of three marks. It's written for this profile, and the comments point out what changes compared with the default. We checked it with Codoritmo's interpreter using these same rules.

PerfilUniValle.psc · 34 lines

1// Example written with the rules of the UniValle profile2// Every statement ends with a semicolon3Algoritmo PerfilUniValle4    // This profile requires every variable to be declared with Definir5    Definir notas, suma, i Como Entero;6    Definir promedio Como Real;7    Definir nombre Como Caracter;8    Dimension notas[3];9    // Arrays start at 0: the slots are 0, 1 and 210    notas[0] <- 8;11    notas[1] <- 9;12    notas[2] <- 7;13    // Every variable needs a value before it is used14    // This profile also lets you assign with =15    suma = 0;16    Para i <- 0 Hasta 2 Hacer17        // Inside the Para you can't change i18        suma <- suma + notas[i];19    FinPara20    promedio <- suma / 3;21    nombre <- "Ana";22    Escribir "Hi, ", nombre;23    Escribir "Average: ", promedio;24    Si promedio >= 7 Y promedio <= 10 Entonces25        Escribir "Passed";26    SiNo27        Escribir "Failed";28    FinSi29    Si suma Es Par Entonces30        Escribir "The sum is even: ", suma;31    SiNo32        Escribir "The sum is odd: ", suma;33    FinSi34FinAlgoritmo

What it prints

This is the example's real output, run with the UniValle profile.

Hi, Ana
Average: 8
Passed
The sum is even: 24

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