PSeInt profile FACPYA UANL

These are the rules of the FACPYA UANL profile, explained simply, with an example that follows them and opens in Codoritmo with one click.

Open in Codoritmo with this profile

Opens this page's example with the FACPYA UANL profile already switched on.

How its author describes it

The profile's original text, in Spanish, as distributed with PSeInt.

Perfil creado para la materia "Introducción a la programación" de la carrera Licenciado en Tecnologías de Información en la Facultad de Contaduría Pública y Administración de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León ubicada en ciudad universitaria en el municipio de San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo León. México (enviado por la docente Laura Alicia Herández Moreno).

In short

What changes compared with Codoritmo's default profile:

Every variable needs a value before it is used
The Para counter is protected
No accents or ñ in variable names
Entonces, Hacer and endings such as FinSi must be written in full
You can assign with = as well as <-
No conditions like Es Par: comparisons use operators
Arrays start at 0
Array sizes must be fixed numbers
No Para Cada (for each) loop
Repetir only ends with Hasta Que
Counting down needs Con Paso -1

All of its rules

Marked rules differ from Codoritmo's default profile; everything else behaves the same.

Variables

How they are declared and when they can be used.

Declare variables with Definir: Optional. You can use a variable without declaring it: its type comes from the first value you store in it.
Give a value before useDiffers from default: Required. Reading a variable, or an array slot, that has no value yet stops the program with an error. That's why accumulators start with something like suma <- 0.
Protected Para counterDiffers from default: Inside a Para you can't change the counter, and once the loop ends the counter has no value, so don't use it afterwards.
Accents and ñ in namesDiffers from default: Not allowed in variable or subroutine names: write anio or posicion. Accented keywords such as Según still work.

Writing style

Punctuation, closing words and how values are assigned.

Semicolon at the end: Optional. You can end statements with ; or leave it out.
Relaxed syntaxDiffers from default: Strict: write every structure in full, with Entonces, Hacer and one-word endings such as FinSi and FinMientras.
Assign with =Differs from default: Allowed: besides x <- 5 you can write x = 5. Inside a condition, = is still a comparison.

Operators and conditions

How comparisons are written and text is put together.

Word operators: You can write Y, O, NO and MOD (and, or, not, remainder) as well as their symbols &, |, ~ and %.
Plain-language conditionsDiffers from default: Doesn't accept them: write the comparison with operators, such as x MOD 2 = 0 or x > 5.
Join text with +: Allowed: "Hola, " + nombre makes a single piece of text.

Arrays

Where indexes start and how the size is set.

First array indexDiffers from default: Arrays start at 0: after Dimension notas[3] the slots are notas[0], notas[1] and notas[2].
Array size from a variableDiffers from default: Not allowed: the size in Dimension must be a fixed number, such as Dimension datos[10].
Resize arrays: You can change the size of an existing array with Redimensionar.

Loops and Segun

Which ways of repeating and choosing between cases it accepts.

Para Cada loopDiffers from default: Not available: go through arrays with a Para and an index.
Repetir … Mientras QueDiffers from default: A Repetir loop can only end with Hasta Que condition (until).
Para counting downDiffers from default: To count down you must write Con Paso -1; without it, Para i <- 3 Hasta 1 doesn't run at all.
Segun with whole numbers: The value a Segun checks can also be text, with options such as "a".

Subroutines and text functions

Which extra tools you get to organise the program.

Your own subroutines and functions: You can write your own SubProceso or Funcion to split the program into parts.
Text functions: Available: Longitud, Subcadena, Mayusculas, Minusculas and Concatenar (length, substring, upper case, lower case, join).

An example that follows these rules

It works out the average of three marks. It's written for this profile, and the comments point out what changes compared with the default. We checked it with Codoritmo's interpreter using these same rules.

PerfilFACPYAUANL.psc · 40 lines

1// Example written with the rules of the FACPYA UANL profile2// Strict syntax: Entonces, Hacer and FinSi always in full3Algoritmo PerfilFACPYAUANL4    // Variable names have no accents or ñ5    // The array size must be a fixed number6    Dimension notas[3]7    // Arrays start at 0: the slots are 0, 1 and 28    notas[0] <- 89    notas[1] <- 910    notas[2] <- 711    // Every variable needs a value before it is used12    // This profile also lets you assign with =13    suma = 014    // No Para Cada: the array is read with an index15    Para i <- 0 Hasta 2 Hacer16        // Inside the Para you can't change i17        suma <- suma + notas[i]18    FinPara19    promedio <- suma / 320    nombre <- "Ana"21    Escribir "Hi, ", nombre22    Escribir "Average: ", promedio23    Si promedio >= 7 Y promedio <= 10 Entonces24        Escribir "Passed"25    SiNo26        Escribir "Failed"27    FinSi28    // Es Par isn't accepted: the condition uses operators29    Si suma MOD 2 = 0 Entonces30        Escribir "The sum is even: ", suma31    SiNo32        Escribir "The sum is odd: ", suma33    FinSi34    Escribir "Countdown:"35    // Counting down needs Con Paso -136    Para i <- 3 Hasta 1 Con Paso -1 Hacer37        Escribir i38    FinPara39    // Repetir can only end with Hasta Que40FinAlgoritmo

What it prints

This is the example's real output, run with the FACPYA UANL profile.

Hi, Ana
Average: 8
Passed
The sum is even: 24
Countdown:
3
2
1