PSeInt profile CTPCIT

These are the rules of the CTPCIT profile, explained simply, with an example that follows them and opens in Codoritmo with one click.

Open in Codoritmo with this profile

Opens this page's example with the CTPCIT profile already switched on.

How its author describes it

The profile's original text, in Spanish, as distributed with PSeInt.

Perfil para las carreras de Informática en Software, Informática en Redes y Diseño y Desarrollo Digital del Colegio Técnico Profesional CIT (enviado por el docente Jeffry Carballo Vargas).

In short

What changes compared with Codoritmo's default profile:

Every variable must be declared with Definir
Every variable needs a value before it is used
The Para counter is protected
No accents or ñ in variable names
Every statement must end with a semicolon
You can assign with = as well as <-
Only the symbols & | ~ % work as operators
No conditions like Es Par: comparisons use operators
Arrays start at 0
Counting down needs Con Paso -1

All of its rules

Marked rules differ from Codoritmo's default profile; everything else behaves the same.

Variables

How they are declared and when they can be used.

Declare variables with DefinirDiffers from default: Required. Before using a variable you must declare it with its type, for example Definir edad Como Entero. That includes the counter of every Para.
Give a value before useDiffers from default: Required. Reading a variable, or an array slot, that has no value yet stops the program with an error. That's why accumulators start with something like suma <- 0.
Protected Para counterDiffers from default: Inside a Para you can't change the counter, and once the loop ends the counter has no value, so don't use it afterwards.
Accents and ñ in namesDiffers from default: Not allowed in variable or subroutine names: write anio or posicion. Accented keywords such as Según still work.

Writing style

Punctuation, closing words and how values are assigned.

Semicolon at the endDiffers from default: Required. Every statement ends in ;, as in Escribir "Hola";. Lines that open or close a structure (Si, FinSi, FinPara) don't take one.
Relaxed syntax: Accepts handy variants: Fin Si as two words, optional Entonces and Hacer, Mientras Que and Desde in loops, and values in Escribir separated by spaces.
Assign with =Differs from default: Allowed: besides x <- 5 you can write x = 5. Inside a condition, = is still a comparison.

Operators and conditions

How comparisons are written and text is put together.

Word operatorsDiffers from default: Symbols only: & instead of Y (and), | instead of O (or), ~ instead of NO (not) and % instead of MOD.
Plain-language conditionsDiffers from default: Doesn't accept them: write the comparison with operators, such as x MOD 2 = 0 or x > 5.
Join text with +: Allowed: "Hola, " + nombre makes a single piece of text.

Arrays

Where indexes start and how the size is set.

First array indexDiffers from default: Arrays start at 0: after Dimension notas[3] the slots are notas[0], notas[1] and notas[2].
Array size from a variable: Allowed: you can read n and then write Dimension datos[n].
Resize arrays: You can change the size of an existing array with Redimensionar.

Loops and Segun

Which ways of repeating and choosing between cases it accepts.

Para Cada loop: Available: Para Cada nota de notas Hacer goes through every slot of an array.
Repetir … Mientras Que: A Repetir loop can end with Hasta Que condition (until) or Mientras Que condition (while).
Para counting downDiffers from default: To count down you must write Con Paso -1; without it, Para i <- 3 Hasta 1 doesn't run at all.
Segun with whole numbers: The value a Segun checks can also be text, with options such as "a".

Subroutines and text functions

Which extra tools you get to organise the program.

Your own subroutines and functions: You can write your own SubProceso or Funcion to split the program into parts.
Text functions: Available: Longitud, Subcadena, Mayusculas, Minusculas and Concatenar (length, substring, upper case, lower case, join).

An example that follows these rules

It works out the average of three marks. It's written for this profile, and the comments point out what changes compared with the default. We checked it with Codoritmo's interpreter using these same rules.

PerfilCTPCIT.psc · 42 lines

1// Example written with the rules of the CTPCIT profile2// Every statement ends with a semicolon3Algoritmo PerfilCTPCIT4    // This profile requires every variable to be declared with Definir5    // Variable names have no accents or ñ6    Definir notas, suma, i Como Entero;7    Definir promedio Como Real;8    Definir nombre Como Caracter;9    Dimension notas[3];10    // Arrays start at 0: the slots are 0, 1 and 211    notas[0] <- 8;12    notas[1] <- 9;13    notas[2] <- 7;14    // Every variable needs a value before it is used15    // This profile also lets you assign with =16    suma = 0;17    Para i <- 0 Hasta 2 Hacer18        // Inside the Para you can't change i19        suma <- suma + notas[i];20    FinPara21    promedio <- suma / 3;22    nombre <- "Ana";23    Escribir "Hi, ", nombre;24    Escribir "Average: ", promedio;25    // No word operators: & instead of Y, % instead of MOD26    Si promedio >= 7 & promedio <= 10 Entonces27        Escribir "Passed";28    SiNo29        Escribir "Failed";30    FinSi31    // Es Par isn't accepted: the condition uses operators32    Si suma % 2 = 0 Entonces33        Escribir "The sum is even: ", suma;34    SiNo35        Escribir "The sum is odd: ", suma;36    FinSi37    Escribir "Countdown:";38    // Counting down needs Con Paso -139    Para i <- 3 Hasta 1 Con Paso -1 Hacer40        Escribir i;41    FinPara42FinAlgoritmo

What it prints

This is the example's real output, run with the CTPCIT profile.

Hi, Ana
Average: 8
Passed
The sum is even: 24
Countdown:
3
2
1

Open in Codoritmo with this profile

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