PSeInt profile CPRAfundacion

These are the rules of the CPRAfundacion profile, explained simply, with an example that follows them and opens in Codoritmo with one click.

Open in Codoritmo with this profile

Opens this page's example with the CPRAfundacion profile already switched on.

How its author describes it

The profile's original text, in Spanish, as distributed with PSeInt.

Institución
Centro de Formación Profesional Afundación
Módulo
Sistemas Informáticos
Ubicación
A Coruña, España.
Ciclo
Desarrollo de Aplicaciones Multiplataforma y Desarrollo de Aplicaciones Web.
Docente
Patxi Ouviña

In short

What changes compared with Codoritmo's default profile:

Every variable must be declared with Definir
Every variable needs a value before it is used
No accents or ñ in variable names
Entonces, Hacer and endings such as FinSi must be written in full
No conditions like Es Par: comparisons use operators
Arrays start at 0
Array sizes must be fixed numbers
No Para Cada (for each) loop

All of its rules

Marked rules differ from Codoritmo's default profile; everything else behaves the same.

Variables

How they are declared and when they can be used.

Declare variables with DefinirDiffers from default: Required. Before using a variable you must declare it with its type, for example Definir edad Como Entero. That includes the counter of every Para.
Give a value before useDiffers from default: Required. Reading a variable, or an array slot, that has no value yet stops the program with an error. That's why accumulators start with something like suma <- 0.
Protected Para counter: You can change the counter inside the Para and keep using it after the loop ends.
Accents and ñ in namesDiffers from default: Not allowed in variable or subroutine names: write anio or posicion. Accented keywords such as Según still work.

Writing style

Punctuation, closing words and how values are assigned.

Semicolon at the end: Optional. You can end statements with ; or leave it out.
Relaxed syntaxDiffers from default: Strict: write every structure in full, with Entonces, Hacer and one-word endings such as FinSi and FinMientras.
Assign with =: Not allowed: you assign only with <-; = is only for comparing.

Operators and conditions

How comparisons are written and text is put together.

Word operators: You can write Y, O, NO and MOD (and, or, not, remainder) as well as their symbols &, |, ~ and %.
Plain-language conditionsDiffers from default: Doesn't accept them: write the comparison with operators, such as x MOD 2 = 0 or x > 5.
Join text with +: Allowed: "Hola, " + nombre makes a single piece of text.

Arrays

Where indexes start and how the size is set.

First array indexDiffers from default: Arrays start at 0: after Dimension notas[3] the slots are notas[0], notas[1] and notas[2].
Array size from a variableDiffers from default: Not allowed: the size in Dimension must be a fixed number, such as Dimension datos[10].
Resize arrays: You can change the size of an existing array with Redimensionar.

Loops and Segun

Which ways of repeating and choosing between cases it accepts.

Para Cada loopDiffers from default: Not available: go through arrays with a Para and an index.
Repetir … Mientras Que: A Repetir loop can end with Hasta Que condition (until) or Mientras Que condition (while).
Para counting down: If the start is greater than the end, Para counts down one by one even without Con Paso -1.
Segun with whole numbers: The value a Segun checks can also be text, with options such as "a".

Subroutines and text functions

Which extra tools you get to organise the program.

Your own subroutines and functions: You can write your own SubProceso or Funcion to split the program into parts.
Text functions: Available: Longitud, Subcadena, Mayusculas, Minusculas and Concatenar (length, substring, upper case, lower case, join).

An example that follows these rules

It works out the average of three marks. It's written for this profile, and the comments point out what changes compared with the default. We checked it with Codoritmo's interpreter using these same rules.

PerfilCPRAfundacion.psc · 36 lines

1// Example written with the rules of the CPRAfundacion profile2// Strict syntax: Entonces, Hacer and FinSi always in full3Algoritmo PerfilCPRAfundacion4    // This profile requires every variable to be declared with Definir5    // Variable names have no accents or ñ6    Definir notas, suma, i Como Entero7    Definir promedio Como Real8    Definir nombre Como Caracter9    // The array size must be a fixed number10    Dimension notas[3]11    // Arrays start at 0: the slots are 0, 1 and 212    notas[0] <- 813    notas[1] <- 914    notas[2] <- 715    // Every variable needs a value before it is used16    suma <- 017    // No Para Cada: the array is read with an index18    Para i <- 0 Hasta 2 Hacer19        suma <- suma + notas[i]20    FinPara21    promedio <- suma / 322    nombre <- "Ana"23    Escribir "Hi, ", nombre24    Escribir "Average: ", promedio25    Si promedio >= 7 Y promedio <= 10 Entonces26        Escribir "Passed"27    SiNo28        Escribir "Failed"29    FinSi30    // Es Par isn't accepted: the condition uses operators31    Si suma MOD 2 = 0 Entonces32        Escribir "The sum is even: ", suma33    SiNo34        Escribir "The sum is odd: ", suma35    FinSi36FinAlgoritmo

What it prints

This is the example's real output, run with the CPRAfundacion profile.

Hi, Ana
Average: 8
Passed
The sum is even: 24